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Edible algae based vaccination is a developing vaccination strategy that usually combines a genetically engineering sub-unit vaccine and an immunologic adjuvant into ''Chlamydomonas reinhardtii'' micro algae. Micro algae can then be freeze dried and administered orally.〔Specht 2014, p.1〕 While previous plant based vaccines have been approved for market production in the past,〔FDA 2002〕 all current edible algal vaccines still reside in pre-clinical trials.〔Specht 2014, p.3〕 Due to the relatively low production cost of algal growth, the completion of a market ready edible algae vaccine would have a profound impact in the administration and distribution of immunizations in impoverished populations. == History == In 2003, the first documented algal-based vaccine antigen was reported, consisting of a foot-and-mouth disease antigen complexed with the cholera toxin subunit B which delivered the antigen to digestion mucosal surfaces in mice. The vaccine was grown in ''C. reinhardtii'' algae and provided oral vaccination in mice but was hindered by low vaccine antigen expression levels.〔Specht 2014, p.2〕 In 2007, a classical swine fever virus (CSFV) was produced in ''C. reinhardtii'', providing immunity in mice that were subcutaneously administered (injected) the vaccine but lacked oral immunization. No adjuvant(delivery mechanism)was provided in orally vaccinated mice.〔 Further studies have been conducted in ''C. reinhardtii'' and have depended heavily upon antigen expression yields, antibody titers elicited from the antigen and the adjuvent(delivery system) that the vaccine was administered with.〔 Pre-clinical trials in mice involving an edible algae based malaria vaccine were successful in a limited capacity in 2012. Using an edible algae produced fusion protein of the malaria membrane protein pfs25 and the ganglioside binding protein ctxB, researchers were able to induce production of IgA antibodies in mice. IgA antibodies commonly reside in mucosal linings which coincides with the site of vaccine delivery. However, a significant production of IgG antibodies, which are the most common antibodies in circulation, was not found in mice that were only immunized solely via the edible algae vaccine.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Edible algae vaccine」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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